How it works

Calculate the covariance between two datasets

The Formula

cov(X, Y) = Σ[(xi - x̄)(yi - ȳ)] / (n - 1)

Worked Example

1. Example

   Calculate the covariance between two datasets: X = [1, 2, 3], Y = [2, 3, 5]

Tips, Assumptions & Limitations

• Ensure datasets have the same length